Ketoacidosis meaning

Ketoacidosis is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when the body starts breaking down fats at an accelerated rate, producing high levels of ketones, which are acidic. This process is often triggered when there is insufficient insulin in the body, as seen in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (particularly Type 1 diabetes). The accumulation of ketones leads to a state of metabolic acidosis, where the blood becomes too acidic. Symptoms of ketoacidosis include frequent urination, excessive thirst, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, shortness of breath, confusion, and fatigue. Without prompt treatment, ketoacidosis can lead to severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and even coma or death. Treatment typically involves administering insulin and fluids to correct the acid-base balance and underlying metabolic disturbances.